ToolsElectronics, cables & data
Voltage divider
Output voltage, attenuation and impedances of a resistive divider, with or without load.
V
Ω
Ω
Ω
- Output voltage
- 5V
- Attenuation
- -6.0206dB
- Output impedance (R1 ∥ R2)
- 5000Ω
- Input impedance
- 20000Ω
A load in parallel with R2 lowers the output. Keep the load at least 10× larger than the divider's output impedance if the ratio has to stay accurate.
How it works
Two resistors in series divide a voltage in proportion to their values. A load across the output acts in parallel with the lower resistor and reduces the output.
Formulas
- V_out = V_in · R₂ / (R₁ + R₂)
- loaded: R₂ → R₂ ∥ R_L
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